Sum mary Deviation refers to the act of violating cultural norms. Violating the law is usually called an official deviation, and the act of violating informal social norms is called an informal deviation. Deviation can vary considerably depending on culture. Deviations defined by sociologists have many forms. Merton suggested a type of deviant behavior. According to him, the type of deviation is presented based on two criteria. The first condition is the adherence to personal motivation or cultural goals. The second condition is the individual's belief in how to achieve the goal. By selecting these conditions as Yes or No, there are four types and one additional type. The four types appear to be suitability, innovation, realism, and retro. One additional type is "rebellion," which refers to an individual rejecting both cultural goals and means of achievement, replacing or creating new means and goals. Structural functionalism argues that deviant behavior plays an impo
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