Week 9-2 : Introduction to Sociology / Deviance
1. Summary
Deviation is a violation of social and cultural norms that humans expect to function properly in society. Deviations can be divided into formal and informal deviations based on whether they are illegal. Different cultures have different norms, so there are differences in behavior that are stated as deviations. So far, many theories about deviation have been raised. First, Psychological and Biological Explanations assert that the cause of deviation is a biological cause, and presents the differences in brain structure as the basis. Second, Merton's Social-Strain Typology is the theory that deviations occur due to the separation of purpose and means. The theory is that deviations can be experienced by using relatively unlawful means to achieve legitimate goals. Third, Structural-Functionalism is the theory that deviations play an important role in society. According to this theory, deviance helps to clarify the moral boundaries of society, and sometimes acts as a catalyst for change in society. Fourth, Conflict Theory claims that deviance reflects social inequality. While there is a high likelihood that high-class commits the office crime, their crimes are less likely to be tracked and prosecuted. The fact implies discrimination in punishing deviations in the United States. Lastly, Labeling Theory is the theory that a person who has committed past deviations is branded as a deviation regardless of the current behavior, causing the second and third deviations. There are a variety of social controls to control this deviation.
If you look at the crime statistics related to deviance, you can see that while the US population is the third largest in the world, the imprisonment rate is the number one in the world. This is due to different laws in different countries. In the United States, recidivism is high due to social labeling. Meanwhile, if you look at the crime statistics, you can see that the number of violent crime reports varies according to gender. Men were more likely to commit violent crimes than women. Meanwhile, crime statistics show that racial discrimination exists in punishing crimes. Indeed, African Americans are less likely to commit drug crimes than Caucasians, while arrest rates are higher than Caucasians.
2. Interest
-We were able to organize various theories about deviation. Among them, the theory of structural functionalism, which argues that deviance plays an important social function, was novel.
-Although there is racial discrimination in present, I think that it is a task that we should definitely improve that the arrest rate of African Americans is about three times higher than that of white people.
3. Discussion
-What kind of efforts should our society make specifically to prevent future deviations of deviants?
-The standard of deviation varies from culture to culture. Is this ethically justified? For example, in society A, is it justified to be punished for not violating individual liberties because it is a crime in society B? Let's discuss the pros and cons.
Deviation is a violation of social and cultural norms that humans expect to function properly in society. Deviations can be divided into formal and informal deviations based on whether they are illegal. Different cultures have different norms, so there are differences in behavior that are stated as deviations. So far, many theories about deviation have been raised. First, Psychological and Biological Explanations assert that the cause of deviation is a biological cause, and presents the differences in brain structure as the basis. Second, Merton's Social-Strain Typology is the theory that deviations occur due to the separation of purpose and means. The theory is that deviations can be experienced by using relatively unlawful means to achieve legitimate goals. Third, Structural-Functionalism is the theory that deviations play an important role in society. According to this theory, deviance helps to clarify the moral boundaries of society, and sometimes acts as a catalyst for change in society. Fourth, Conflict Theory claims that deviance reflects social inequality. While there is a high likelihood that high-class commits the office crime, their crimes are less likely to be tracked and prosecuted. The fact implies discrimination in punishing deviations in the United States. Lastly, Labeling Theory is the theory that a person who has committed past deviations is branded as a deviation regardless of the current behavior, causing the second and third deviations. There are a variety of social controls to control this deviation.
If you look at the crime statistics related to deviance, you can see that while the US population is the third largest in the world, the imprisonment rate is the number one in the world. This is due to different laws in different countries. In the United States, recidivism is high due to social labeling. Meanwhile, if you look at the crime statistics, you can see that the number of violent crime reports varies according to gender. Men were more likely to commit violent crimes than women. Meanwhile, crime statistics show that racial discrimination exists in punishing crimes. Indeed, African Americans are less likely to commit drug crimes than Caucasians, while arrest rates are higher than Caucasians.
2. Interest
-We were able to organize various theories about deviation. Among them, the theory of structural functionalism, which argues that deviance plays an important social function, was novel.
-Although there is racial discrimination in present, I think that it is a task that we should definitely improve that the arrest rate of African Americans is about three times higher than that of white people.
3. Discussion
-What kind of efforts should our society make specifically to prevent future deviations of deviants?
-The standard of deviation varies from culture to culture. Is this ethically justified? For example, in society A, is it justified to be punished for not violating individual liberties because it is a crime in society B? Let's discuss the pros and cons.
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