12-1 Social_stratification


1. Summary
Social stratification refers to society's categorization of its people into groups based on socioeconomic factors like wealth , income , race, education, gender, occupation , and social status , or derived power (social and political). Social stratification is a term used in the social sciences to describe the relative social position of persons in a given social group, category, geographical region or other social unit. In modern Western societies, stratification is often broadly classified into three major divisions of social class: upper class, middle class, and lower class. First, social stratification is socially defined as a property of a society rather than individuals in that society. Second, social stratification is reproduced from generation to generation. Third, social stratification is universal (found in every society) but variable (differs across time and place). Fourth, social stratification involves not just quantitative inequality but qualitative beliefs and attitudes about social status. Social mobility is the movement of individuals, social groups or categories of people between the layers or within a stratification system.
In Marxist theory, there exist at least two classes in any class-based society: the owners of the means of production and those who sell their labor to the owners of the means of production. At times, Marx almost hints that the ruling classes seem to own the working class itself as they only have their own labor power. Max Weber was strongly influenced by Marx's ideas but rejected the possibility of effective communism, arguing that it would require an even greater level of detrimental social control and bureaucratization than capitalist society.
Anthropologists identify egalitarian cultures as "kinship-oriented," because they appear to value social harmony more than wealth or status. The social status variables underlying social stratification are based in social perceptions and attitudes about various characteristics of persons and peoples.
Like a stratified class system within a nation, looking at the world economy one can see class positions in the unequal distribution of capital and other resources between nations. According to World-systems and Dependency theories. Core nations primarily own and control the major means of production in the world and perform the higher-level production tasks and provide international financial services. Periphery nations own very little of the world's means of production (even when factories are located in periphery nations) and provide low to non-skilled labor. Semiperipheral nations are midway between the core and periphery. They tend to be countries moving towards industrialization and more diversified economies.
 
2. Interesting
Since ancient times, expectations for social roles have been shaped by gender, and it has been known that men also receive higher wages than women for the same labor. I also knew that this led to gender inequality. Of course, I know there are biological differences between women and men, but I don't understand whether they should be discriminated against. As such, the value of gender greatly affects the distribution of income, wealth and property in social order. Just as men inherited more property than women in the past, the social stratification is affected by gender. This may be a social problem that must be fixed.
 
3. Discussion
Is social mobility easy to see around?

Comments

  1. AnonymousJune 18, 2020 at 8:01 PM

    It doesn't seem to be easy to see. Because it is not easy to move. That's why people are amazed and amazed to see people social mobility due to certain factors.

    ReplyDelete

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